By 2090, the world’s population is projected to stabilize or slightly decline after peaking mid-century, with estimates ranging from 9 to 10 billion people. Africa will experience the most dramatic growth, potentially housing over 4 billion people—nearly half the global population—driven by high fertility rates in countries like Nigeria, Ethiopia, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Asia’s population, after peaking around 2050, will begin to decline but will still be home to the world’s most populous countries, such as India, which may remain the largest, and China, whose population is expected to shrink. Europe’s population will likely continue its steady decrease, possibly falling below 600 million, with Eastern Europe and Russia facing the steepest declines. The Americas will see modest growth, with the United States and Brazil remaining the largest countries, while Latin America’s population ages and stabilizes. Oceania, led by Australia and Papua New Guinea, will experience gradual increases. Urbanization will intensify, with megacities proliferating, especially in Africa and Asia, reshaping regional demographics and global economic dynamics.
Rank | Country | Population | Population Density Per Square KM |
---|---|---|---|
1 | India | 1,549,036,217 | 521 |
2 | China | 1,011,753,054 | 108.5 |
3 | Nigeria | 781,715,292 | 858.3 |
4 | Congo Kinshasa | 519,276,858 | 229.1 |
5 | Pakistan | 471,235,743 | 611.3 |
6 | Indonesia | 300,187,878 | 165.7 |
7 | Ethiopia | 293,279,714 | 267.5 |
8 | Tanzania | 217,334,854 | 245.4 |
9 | Brazil | 214,424,878 | 25.7 |
10 | Egypt | 185,080,849 | 185.9 |
11 | Philippines | 184,251,766 | 617.9 |
12 | Bangladesh | 176,942,611 | 1,359.3 |
13 | Uganda | 174,811,041 | 886.9 |
14 | Angola | 169,112,730 | 135.6 |
15 | Mexico | 148,928,966 | 76.6 |
16 | Sudan | 142,217,316 | 76.4 |
17 | Niger | 138,767,814 | 109.6 |
18 | Kenya | 123,407,426 | 216.8 |
19 | Mozambique | 121,640,384 | 154.7 |
20 | Russia | 114,352,468 | 7 |
21 | Vietnam | 112,762,286 | 363.7 |
22 | Cameroon | 103,361,746 | 218.7 |
23 | Afghanistan | 93,389,303 | 143.2 |
24 | Iran | 91,423,445 | 59.7 |
25 | Ghana | 83,162,445 | 365.5 |
26 | Iraq | 82,571,311 | 188.8 |
27 | Japan | 78,262,276 | 214.7 |
28 | United Kingdom | 78,092,721 | 322.8 |
29 | Turkey | 76,405,642 | 99.3 |
30 | Benin | 75,439,501 | 682 |
31 | Germany | 73,298,621 | 210.2 |
32 | South Africa | 71,310,013 | 58.7 |
33 | France | 68,707,665 | 107.3 |
34 | Chad | 68,186,913 | 54.2 |
35 | Mali | 67,020,048 | 54.9 |
36 | Côte d'Ivoire | 66,602,965 | 209.4 |
37 | Zambia | 65,831,090 | 88.6 |
38 | Madagascar | 61,878,118 | 106.4 |
39 | Italy | 60,898,766 | 207 |
40 | Burma | 58,926,243 | 90.2 |
41 | Algeria | 58,457,753 | 24.5 |
42 | Guinea | 57,415,617 | 233.7 |
43 | Argentina | 57,287,103 | 20.9 |
44 | Yemen | 55,163,962 | 104.5 |
45 | Burkina Faso | 51,389,656 | 187.7 |
46 | Thailand | 50,764,568 | 99.4 |
47 | Saudi Arabia | 50,173,911 | 23.3 |
48 | Canada | 48,680,239 | 5.4 |
49 | Malawi | 45,763,394 | 486.4 |
50 | Burundi | 45,242,999 | 1,761.8 |
51 | Senegal | 43,666,682 | 226.8 |
52 | Malaysia | 43,056,482 | 131 |
53 | South Sudan | 41,511,377 | 64.4 |
54 | Morocco | 41,209,068 | 57.5 |
55 | Australia | 40,702,488 | 5.3 |
56 | Colombia | 40,273,345 | 38.8 |
57 | Syria | 40,019,452 | 215.3 |
58 | Spain | 38,995,429 | 78.2 |
59 | Zimbabwe | 37,205,378 | 96.2 |
60 | Somalia | 36,881,299 | 58.8 |
61 | South Korea | 35,771,529 | 369.1 |
62 | Peru | 35,498,916 | 27.7 |
63 | Venezuela | 35,229,202 | 39.9 |
64 | Nepal | 32,874,359 | 229.3 |
65 | Uzbekistan | 32,774,991 | 77 |
66 | Ukraine | 28,430,135 | 49.1 |
67 | Guatemala | 27,746,541 | 258.9 |
68 | Togo | 25,162,912 | 462.7 |
69 | North Korea | 24,978,464 | 207.4 |
70 | Poland | 24,335,985 | 80 |
71 | Sri Lanka | 23,697,772 | 366.7 |
72 | Kazakhstan | 23,009,318 | 8.5 |
73 | Rwanda | 22,876,818 | 927.4 |
74 | Papua New Guinea | 21,905,798 | 48.4 |
75 | Ecuador | 21,552,309 | 77.9 |
76 | Sierra Leone | 19,914,461 | 278.1 |
77 | Jordan | 19,492,380 | 219.5 |
78 | Liberia | 19,176,795 | 199.1 |
79 | Netherlands | 19,050,591 | 562.1 |
80 | Cambodia | 18,835,962 | 106.7 |
81 | Chile | 18,411,915 | 24.8 |
82 | Congo Brazzaville | 17,921,467 | 52.5 |
83 | Israel | 16,185,250 | 752.9 |
84 | Haiti | 15,609,847 | 566.4 |
85 | Taiwan | 15,493,479 | 480.3 |
86 | United Arab Emirates | 14,814,839 | 177.2 |
87 | Belgium | 13,979,749 | 461.7 |
88 | Bolivia | 13,577,635 | 12.5 |
89 | Tajikistan | 13,414,506 | 94.8 |
90 | Sweden | 12,400,582 | 30.2 |
91 | Dominican Republic | 12,222,569 | 253 |
92 | Romania | 12,187,288 | 53 |
93 | Honduras | 11,757,814 | 105.1 |
94 | Eritrea | 11,397,092 | 112.8 |
95 | Central African Republic | 11,349,120 | 18.2 |
96 | Switzerland | 11,330,121 | 283.3 |
97 | Libya | 10,975,718 | 6.2 |
98 | Tunisia | 10,962,088 | 70.6 |
99 | Laos | 10,197,391 | 44.2 |
100 | Azerbaijan | 10,197,087 | 123.4 |
101 | Czechia | 9,724,587 | 125.9 |
102 | Austria | 9,656,353 | 117.1 |
103 | Mauritania | 8,794,628 | 8.5 |
104 | Paraguay | 8,684,588 | 21.9 |
105 | Portugal | 8,159,293 | 89.2 |
106 | Guinea-Bissau | 8,016,445 | 285.1 |
107 | Greece | 7,947,230 | 60.8 |
108 | Cuba | 7,838,075 | 71.4 |
109 | Norway | 7,227,889 | 23.8 |
110 | Ireland | 7,217,893 | 104.8 |
111 | Hungary | 6,957,649 | 77.6 |
112 | Singapore | 6,871,199 | 9,691.4 |
113 | Belarus | 6,820,652 | 33.6 |
114 | Denmark | 6,803,942 | 160.3 |
115 | Kyrgyzstan | 6,716,122 | 35 |
116 | Panama | 6,526,856 | 87.8 |
117 | Oman | 6,523,316 | 21.1 |
118 | Turkmenistan | 6,409,465 | 13.6 |
119 | New Zealand | 6,392,377 | 24.2 |
120 | Gabon | 6,362,250 | 24.7 |
121 | Nicaragua | 6,125,797 | 51.1 |
122 | Costa Rica | 6,057,884 | 118.6 |
123 | Namibia | 5,493,317 | 6.7 |
124 | Hong Kong | 5,482,125 | 5,109.2 |
125 | Finland | 5,379,712 | 17.7 |
126 | The Gambia | 5,027,452 | 496.8 |
127 | El Salvador | 4,984,760 | 240.6 |
128 | West Bank | 4,915,114 | 871.5 |
129 | Lebanon | 4,618,486 | 451.5 |
130 | Kuwait | 4,466,948 | 250.7 |
131 | Equatorial Guinea | 4,449,527 | 158.6 |
132 | Serbia | 4,310,759 | 55.6 |
133 | Bulgaria | 4,239,433 | 39.1 |
134 | Georgia | 4,144,510 | 59.5 |
135 | Slovakia | 3,834,176 | 79.7 |
136 | Gaza Strip | 3,745,434 | 10,404 |
137 | Botswana | 3,705,672 | 6.5 |
138 | Mongolia | 3,427,226 | 2.2 |
139 | Uruguay | 3,269,875 | 18.7 |
140 | Jamaica | 3,173,163 | 293 |
141 | Croatia | 2,820,028 | 50.4 |
142 | Qatar | 2,816,100 | 243.1 |
143 | Lesotho | 2,739,882 | 90.3 |
144 | Timor-Leste | 2,700,066 | 181.5 |
145 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 2,293,506 | 44.8 |
146 | Kosovo | 2,114,770 | 194.2 |
147 | Albania | 2,024,839 | 73.9 |
148 | Bahrain | 1,941,305 | 2,554.3 |
149 | North Macedonia | 1,718,571 | 67.6 |
150 | Slovenia | 1,714,696 | 85.1 |
151 | Djibouti | 1,580,567 | 68.2 |
152 | Lithuania | 1,579,287 | 25.2 |
153 | Moldova | 1,556,372 | 47.3 |
154 | Armenia | 1,500,741 | 53.2 |
155 | Puerto Rico | 1,489,755 | 168 |
156 | Eswatini | 1,279,062 | 74.3 |
157 | Comoros | 1,261,455 | 564.4 |
158 | Solomon Islands | 1,173,051 | 41.9 |
159 | Luxembourg | 1,144,149 | 442.4 |
160 | Cyprus | 1,117,006 | 120.9 |
161 | Trinidad and Tobago | 1,029,446 | 200.8 |
162 | Bhutan | 991,278 | 25.8 |
163 | Fiji | 947,201 | 51.8 |
164 | Mauritius | 911,550 | 449 |
165 | Latvia | 885,606 | 14.2 |
166 | Suriname | 833,713 | 5.3 |
167 | Brunei | 793,127 | 150.6 |
168 | Cabo Verde | 733,901 | 182 |
169 | Belize | 731,871 | 32.1 |
170 | Guyana | 711,359 | 3.6 |
171 | Estonia | 670,220 | 15.8 |
172 | Macau | 632,602 | 22,592.9 |
173 | Vanuatu | 506,242 | 41.5 |
174 | Malta | 476,744 | 1,508.7 |
175 | Iceland | 437,758 | 4.4 |
176 | New Caledonia | 417,607 | 22.9 |
177 | Maldives | 415,361 | 1,393.8 |
178 | The Bahamas | 405,449 | 40.5 |
179 | Montenegro | 387,958 | 28.8 |
180 | Sao Tome and Principe | 381,243 | 395.5 |
181 | French Polynesia | 294,628 | 77 |
182 | Samoa | 277,546 | 98.4 |
183 | Barbados | 247,477 | 575.5 |
184 | Aruba | 186,558 | 1,036.4 |
185 | Kiribati | 144,182 | 177.8 |
186 | Antigua and Barbuda | 136,340 | 307.8 |
187 | Curaçao | 132,961 | 299.5 |
188 | Guam | 128,549 | 236.3 |
189 | Cayman Islands | 126,965 | 480.9 |
190 | Saint Lucia | 110,279 | 182 |
191 | Jersey | 109,598 | 944.8 |
192 | Turks and Caicos Islands | 108,612 | 114.6 |
193 | Grenada | 104,562 | 304 |
194 | Marshall Islands | 100,168 | 553.4 |
195 | Tonga | 90,474 | 126.2 |
196 | Isle of Man | 88,567 | 154.8 |
197 | Seychelles | 80,943 | 177.9 |
198 | Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | 80,293 | 206.4 |
199 | Guernsey | 66,806 | 856.5 |
200 | Bermuda | 63,001 | 1,166.7 |
201 | Faroe Islands | 61,102 | 43.9 |
202 | British Virgin Islands | 60,291 | 399.3 |
203 | Sint Maarten | 59,290 | 1,743.8 |
204 | U.S. Virgin Islands | 56,944 | 163.6 |
205 | Andorra | 54,589 | 116.6 |
206 | Dominica | 50,806 | 67.7 |
207 | Federated States of Micronesia | 50,365 | 71.7 |
208 | Liechtenstein | 48,520 | 303.2 |
209 | Saint Kitts and Nevis | 46,638 | 178.7 |
210 | Greenland | 45,834 | 0 |
211 | Northern Mariana Islands | 37,842 | 80.2 |
212 | Anguilla | 37,229 | 409.1 |
213 | Saint Martin | 36,571 | 677.2 |
214 | San Marino | 29,932 | 490.7 |
215 | Monaco | 29,204 | 14,602 |
216 | Gibraltar | 22,937 | 3,276.7 |
217 | American Samoa | 20,468 | 103.4 |
218 | Palau | 20,261 | 44.1 |
219 | Wallis and Futuna | 13,291 | 93.6 |
220 | Nauru | 13,132 | 625.3 |
221 | Tuvalu | 12,986 | 499.5 |
222 | Saint Barthelemy | 6,627 | 265.1 |
223 | Saint Helena, Ascension, and Tristan da Cunha | 5,954 | 15.1 |
224 | Cook Islands | 4,408 | 18.7 |
225 | Montserrat | 3,882 | 38.1 |
226 | Saint Pierre and Miquelon | 2,380 | 9.8 |
Data from US Census International Database