2090 Population

By 2090, the world’s population is projected to stabilize or slightly decline after peaking mid-century, with estimates ranging from 9 to 10 billion people. Africa will experience the most dramatic growth, potentially housing over 4 billion people—nearly half the global population—driven by high fertility rates in countries like Nigeria, Ethiopia, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Asia’s population, after peaking around 2050, will begin to decline but will still be home to the world’s most populous countries, such as India, which may remain the largest, and China, whose population is expected to shrink. Europe’s population will likely continue its steady decrease, possibly falling below 600 million, with Eastern Europe and Russia facing the steepest declines. The Americas will see modest growth, with the United States and Brazil remaining the largest countries, while Latin America’s population ages and stabilizes. Oceania, led by Australia and Papua New Guinea, will experience gradual increases. Urbanization will intensify, with megacities proliferating, especially in Africa and Asia, reshaping regional demographics and global economic dynamics.

Data from US Census International Database