Slovakia's population growth has been relatively stagnant in recent decades, with the country experiencing very low birth rates and an aging population. After reaching a peak of around 5.45 million people in the early 2000s, Slovakia's population has remained stable or slightly declined, with estimates in 2023 placing it at approximately 5.4 million. The natural increase has been negative since the mid-2000s, as deaths outnumber births, and net migration has not been sufficient to offset this decline. Like many Central and Eastern European countries, Slovakia faces demographic challenges such as a shrinking workforce and increasing proportion of elderly citizens, which could have significant social and economic implications in the coming years.
| Year | Population | Population Density Per Square KM |
|---|---|---|
| 1950 | 3,463,446 | 72 |
| 1955 | 3,726,601 | 77.5 |
| 1960 | 3,994,270 | 83 |
| 1965 | 4,369,939 | 90.8 |
| 1970 | 4,523,873 | 94 |
| 1975 | 4,729,718 | 98.3 |
| 1980 | 4,965,958 | 103.2 |
| 1985 | 5,144,632 | 106.9 |
| 1990 | 5,262,616 | 109.4 |
| 1995 | 5,361,594 | 111.5 |
| 2000 | 5,400,320 | 112.3 |
| 2005 | 5,407,674 | 112.4 |
| 2010 | 5,426,041 | 112.8 |
| 2015 | 5,444,716 | 113.2 |
| 2020 | 5,439,808 | 113.1 |
| 2022 | 5,431,252 | 112.9 |
| 2023 | 5,425,319 | 112.8 |
| 2024 | 5,418,267 | 112.6 |
| 2025 | 5,410,115 | 112.5 |
| 2030 | 5,353,517 | 111.3 |
| 2035 | 5,275,705 | 109.7 |
| 2040 | 5,185,411 | 107.8 |
| 2045 | 5,085,052 | 105.7 |
| 2050 | 4,972,634 | 103.4 |
| 2055 | 4,844,820 | 100.7 |
| 2060 | 4,701,255 | 97.7 |
| 2065 | 4,546,893 | 94.5 |
| 2070 | 4,388,267 | 91.2 |
| 2075 | 4,232,394 | 88 |
| 2080 | 4,086,030 | 84.9 |
| 2085 | 3,953,180 | 82.2 |
| 2090 | 3,834,176 | 79.7 |
| 2095 | 3,727,612 | 77.5 |
| 2100 | 3,630,442 | 75.5 |
Data from US Census International Database