Brazil Rate of Natural Increase

Brazil’s rate of natural increase (RNI)—the difference between birth and death rates—has been steadily declining in recent decades, reflecting broader demographic trends in Latin America. As of the early 2020s, Brazil’s RNI is approximately 0.6% per year, indicating moderate population growth driven primarily by births outpacing deaths, but at a much slower pace than in the past. Compared to some of its neighbors, Brazil’s RNI is lower than that of countries like Bolivia and Paraguay, where higher fertility rates and younger populations contribute to faster natural increase. Conversely, Brazil’s RNI is higher than that of Argentina and Uruguay, both of which have seen even sharper declines in fertility and, in Uruguay’s case, an aging population that brings the RNI close to zero. Overall, Brazil’s demographic transition places it in an intermediate position in South America, with population growth slowing but not yet plateauing as in some neighboring countries.

Data from US Census International Database