European crayfishes, particularly the noble crayfish (Astacus astacus), signal crayfish (Pacifastacus leniusculus), and Turkish crayfish (Astacus leptodactylus), are freshwater crustaceans native to rivers and lakes across Europe. These species are highly valued for their delicate flavor and are harvested both commercially and recreationally. Leading countries in crayfish fishing include Sweden, Finland, and Turkey, each with a strong tradition of crayfish consumption and export. Sweden and Finland are renowned for their annual crayfish parties and sustainable management of native stocks, while Turkey is a major exporter of crayfish, particularly from its lakes and rivers, to Western European markets. The industry faces challenges from habitat loss, pollution, and invasive species, but remains a culturally and economically significant sector in these countries.
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Data from FAO. 2025. Global Capture Production. In: Fisheries and Aquaculture.