Poland's population growth has experienced significant fluctuations over the past century. After periods of steady increase in the mid-20th century, the country has faced demographic challenges in recent decades, including a declining birth rate and increased emigration, particularly following its accession to the European Union in 2004. As a result, Poland's population has stagnated and even begun to decline, with estimates placing the population at around 37.7 million in 2023, down from its peak of nearly 39 million in the late 1990s. The aging population and low fertility rates have contributed to concerns about future workforce shortages and economic sustainability, prompting the government to consider policies aimed at encouraging higher birth rates and attracting immigrants.
| Year | Population | Population Density Per Square KM |
|---|---|---|
| 1950 | 24,824,000 | 81.6 |
| 1955 | 27,220,668 | 89.5 |
| 1960 | 29,589,842 | 97.3 |
| 1965 | 31,262,358 | 102.8 |
| 1970 | 32,526,000 | 106.9 |
| 1975 | 33,969,240 | 111.6 |
| 1980 | 35,578,016 | 116.9 |
| 1985 | 37,225,792 | 122.4 |
| 1990 | 38,119,408 | 125.3 |
| 1995 | 38,600,640 | 126.9 |
| 2000 | 38,654,162 | 127 |
| 2005 | 38,556,604 | 126.7 |
| 2010 | 38,616,395 | 126.9 |
| 2015 | 38,559,087 | 126.7 |
| 2020 | 38,270,292 | 125.8 |
| 2022 | 38,093,101 | 125.2 |
| 2023 | 37,991,766 | 124.9 |
| 2024 | 37,882,031 | 124.5 |
| 2025 | 37,764,255 | 124.1 |
| 2030 | 37,074,111 | 121.9 |
| 2035 | 36,269,582 | 119.2 |
| 2040 | 35,406,220 | 116.4 |
| 2045 | 34,482,878 | 113.3 |
| 2050 | 33,491,484 | 110.1 |
| 2055 | 32,425,640 | 106.6 |
| 2060 | 31,294,094 | 102.9 |
| 2065 | 30,116,663 | 99 |
| 2070 | 28,900,839 | 95 |
| 2075 | 27,665,530 | 90.9 |
| 2080 | 26,456,747 | 87 |
| 2085 | 25,332,586 | 83.3 |
| 2090 | 24,335,985 | 80 |
| 2095 | 23,464,967 | 77.1 |
| 2100 | 22,682,850 | 74.6 |
Data from US Census International Database