Mozambique has experienced significant population growth over the past several decades. As of 2024, the country’s population is estimated to be over 34 million, a substantial increase from around 12 million in 1980. This growth is driven by a high fertility rate, which remains above 4 children per woman, and a relatively young population, with a median age of about 17 years. Despite challenges such as poverty, disease, and periodic natural disasters, Mozambique’s population continues to expand rapidly, putting pressure on infrastructure, education, and health services while also presenting opportunities for economic development if demographic dividends are harnessed effectively.
| Year | Population | Population Density Per Square KM |
|---|---|---|
| 1950 | 6,250,443 | 7.9 |
| 1955 | 6,781,616 | 8.6 |
| 1960 | 7,472,230 | 9.5 |
| 1965 | 8,301,446 | 10.6 |
| 1970 | 9,304,375 | 11.8 |
| 1975 | 10,432,604 | 13.3 |
| 1980 | 12,102,619 | 15.4 |
| 1985 | 13,731,838 | 17.5 |
| 1990 | 13,913,115 | 17.7 |
| 1995 | 16,606,189 | 21.1 |
| 2000 | 18,498,198 | 23.5 |
| 2005 | 20,488,080 | 26.1 |
| 2010 | 23,012,071 | 29.3 |
| 2015 | 26,386,824 | 33.6 |
| 2020 | 30,097,734 | 38.3 |
| 2022 | 31,693,239 | 40.3 |
| 2023 | 32,513,805 | 41.3 |
| 2024 | 33,350,954 | 42.4 |
| 2025 | 34,206,144 | 43.5 |
| 2030 | 38,878,965 | 49.4 |
| 2035 | 44,206,049 | 56.2 |
| 2040 | 50,121,595 | 63.7 |
| 2045 | 56,530,226 | 71.9 |
| 2050 | 63,366,021 | 80.6 |
| 2055 | 70,566,916 | 89.7 |
| 2060 | 78,055,625 | 99.3 |
| 2065 | 85,735,029 | 109 |
| 2070 | 93,474,838 | 118.9 |
| 2075 | 101,112,236 | 128.6 |
| 2080 | 108,470,402 | 137.9 |
| 2085 | 115,371,207 | 146.7 |
| 2090 | 121,640,384 | 154.7 |
| 2095 | 127,105,756 | 161.6 |
| 2100 | 131,606,043 | 167.4 |
Data from US Census International Database