Pufferfishes, belonging to the family Tetraodontidae, are known for their distinctive ability to inflate their bodies as a defense mechanism and for containing the potent neurotoxin tetrodotoxin. While some species are highly prized as delicacies—most notably in Japan, where "fugu" is prepared by licensed chefs—pufferfish are caught and consumed in various countries beyond the well-known markets. The category "Pufferfishes Not Elsewhere Included" in fisheries statistics covers a range of species not individually specified. Major fishing countries for these pufferfishes include China, India, and several Southeast Asian nations such as Thailand and the Philippines. In these countries, pufferfish are harvested both for local consumption and export, often as dried or salted products. The fishing industry for pufferfishes in these regions is typically small-scale and artisanal, though in some areas, targeted fisheries have developed due to local demand. Despite their culinary appeal, the risks associated with improper preparation due to their toxicity have led to strict regulations in some countries, while in others, traditional knowledge guides safe consumption.
| Rank | Country | Metric Tons |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Malaysia | 717 |
Data from FAO. 2025. Global Capture Production. In: Fisheries and Aquaculture.