Perlemoen, also known as abalone (Haliotis spp.), is a highly prized marine mollusk valued for its delicate flavor and iridescent shell. This species inhabits rocky coastal waters and is particularly sought after in Asian markets, driving a lucrative and sometimes controversial fishing industry. The top abalone fishing countries include China, Japan, South Africa, Australia, and New Zealand. China and Japan have long traditions of both wild harvest and aquaculture, with Japan’s wild stocks historically supporting a vibrant fishery. South Africa is renowned for its wild perlemoen (Haliotis midae), but overfishing and poaching have led to strict regulations and enforcement. Australia and New Zealand also maintain significant abalone fisheries, primarily focused on sustainable wild harvest and export. Due to overexploitation and illegal harvesting, many countries have implemented quotas, licensing, and aquaculture initiatives to protect and sustain abalone populations.
| Rank | Country | Metric Tons |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | South Africa | 42 |
Data from FAO. 2025. Global Capture Production. In: Fisheries and Aquaculture.