The Scotsman seabream (Polysteganus praeorbitalis) is a prized demersal fish species found primarily along the southern and eastern coasts of Africa, particularly in the Indian Ocean waters off South Africa and Mozambique. Recognizable by its deep, laterally compressed body and distinctive reddish-pink coloration with blue spots, the Scotsman seabream inhabits rocky reefs and offshore banks, making it a favored target for both commercial and recreational fisheries. South Africa is the leading country in harvesting this species, with a well-established linefishery industry that targets seabreams, snappers, and related species, though Mozambique also supports a smaller but significant artisanal fishery. Due to its popularity and relatively slow growth, the Scotsman seabream has faced localized overfishing, prompting South Africa to implement strict regulations, including catch limits and closed seasons, to ensure the sustainability of this valuable fishery.
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Data from FAO. 2025. Global Capture Production. In: Fisheries and Aquaculture.