The Black Surgeonfish (Acanthurus gahhm), also known as the black tang or black doctorfish, is a striking marine species found primarily in the coral reefs of the western Indian Ocean, including the Red Sea and the Persian Gulf. Recognized for its deep black coloration and sharp scalpel-like spine near the tail, this herbivorous fish plays a vital role in maintaining reef health by grazing on algae. The Black Surgeonfish is not a major target of large-scale commercial fisheries, but it is harvested in moderate quantities for local consumption and the ornamental aquarium trade. The top countries involved in the fishing and export of Black Surgeonfish are typically those bordering the Red Sea and western Indian Ocean, such as Egypt, Saudi Arabia, Yemen, Oman, and the United Arab Emirates. These nations support small-scale artisanal fisheries, where the Black Surgeonfish is caught using traditional methods, often alongside other reef fish species. While not a staple of global seafood markets, the species holds local economic and ecological importance in these regions.
| Rank | Country | Metric Tons |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Saudi Arabia | 8 |
Data from FAO. 2025. Global Capture Production. In: Fisheries and Aquaculture.