The African Matchbox Crab (*Potamonautes spp.*) is a small, freshwater crab species native to rivers, streams, and wetlands across sub-Saharan Africa. Known for their compact, box-like carapace—hence the name "matchbox"—these crabs play a vital role in local ecosystems and are a traditional food source in several African countries. The primary countries engaged in harvesting African Matchbox Crabs are Nigeria, Ghana, Cameroon, and the Democratic Republic of Congo, where artisanal and small-scale fisheries dominate the industry. These crabs are typically caught using simple traps or by hand, and they are sold fresh or smoked in local markets. While not a major export commodity, the Matchbox Crab fishery provides important nutrition and income for rural communities, though increasing pressure from habitat loss and overfishing has prompted calls for sustainable management practices in key regions.
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Data from FAO. 2025. Global Capture Production. In: Fisheries and Aquaculture.