Mozambique, with its extensive Indian Ocean coastline and numerous rivers, boasts a rich and diverse fishing industry that is vital to both its economy and food security. The country’s top fish catches include species such as prawns (especially the highly prized tiger prawns), tuna, anchovy, sardines, and mackerel, alongside a variety of demersal and pelagic fish. Artisanal fishing dominates the sector, employing thousands and supplying local markets, while industrial fishing—particularly for prawns and tuna—targets export markets in Europe and Asia. Historically, Mozambique’s fishing industry has deep roots, with traditional fishing communities thriving along the coast for centuries. The industry expanded significantly during the colonial era and after independence in 1975, though it has faced challenges such as overfishing, illegal fishing, and the need for modernization. Today, sustainable management and improved infrastructure are key focuses to ensure the long-term viability of Mozambique’s valuable fisheries.
| Rank | Fish Species | Metric Tons |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Marine fishes nei | 271,807 |
| 2 | Freshwater fishes nei | 121,325 |
| 3 | Frigate tuna | 12,510 |
| 4 | Marine crabs nei | 9,341 |
| 5 | Dagaas (=Kapenta) | 7,287 |
| 6 | Cephalopods nei | 7,148 |
| 7 | Penaeus shrimps nei | 6,903 |
| 8 | Narrow-barred Spanish mackerel | 6,240 |
| 9 | Sharks, rays, skates, etc. nei | 5,519 |
| 10 | Tsivakihini paste shrimp | 4,613 |
| 11 | Skipjack tuna | 1,801 |
| 12 | Mozambique lobster | 1,123 |
| 13 | Kawakawa | 583 |
| 14 | Marlins,sailfishes,etc. nei | 85 |
| 15 | Yellowfin tuna | 75 |
| 16 | Swordfish | 14 |
Data from FAO. 2025. Global Capture Production. In: Fisheries and Aquaculture.